Dados do Resumo

Título

Analyzing Incidence, Mortality, and Treatment Modalities of Colon Cancer in São Paulo: 2014-2023

Introdução

Colon and rectal cancer, the third most common in Brazil, has a high incidence in the Southeast Region, especially in the State of São Paulo. This type of cancer involves tumors originating in the colon, and its carcinogenesis results from a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors such as obesity, alcohol consumption, and smoking. Treatments include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, varying according to the stage of the disease and the characteristics of the tumor.

Objetivo

The objective of this study is to analyze the epidemiological trends of colon cancer in the state of São Paulo over the past 10 years, evaluating incidence, mortality, and potential associated factors such as age, sex, and therapeutic approach. The aim is to clarify the disease's landscape and its outcomes.

Métodos

This is a cross-sectional and quantitative study based on the analysis of data from the General Mortality Information System and the DATASUS Oncology Panel, focusing on hospitalization and mortality due to colon neoplasms in the State of São Paulo from 2014 to 2023. The variables analyzed in the study include age range, covering ages from less than 1 year to 80 years and older, sex, and therapeutic modality. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using Jamovi software.

Resultados

It is observed that, starting from age 20, there is a significant increase in hospitalization and death due to colon cancer. Among age groups from 20 to 80, a significant difference in mortality was found, with deaths particularly prominent in the 60 to 79 years age range. Regarding hospitalization by age, the comparison is significant, with hospitalization rates between the 30 to 39 age group being similar to those of individuals older than 79 years, and the comparison between 40 to 49 and 70 to 79 years being similar. Although the number of female patients is higher, the comparison between sexes did not show statistical relevance. Concerning treatment, chemotherapy was the most frequently performed procedure, while surgical procedures were predominant in the age groups of 0 to 29 and 75 to 80 years and older. Regarding treatment duration, the overall treatment time was longer than 60 days. Surgical procedures had a shorter treatment time, with most being performed in less than 30 days.

Conclusões

The study highlighted that the prevalence of colon cancer affects various age groups, although mortality is higher among the elderly. Regarding treatment, chemotherapy was more commonly used. Therefore, identifying factors associated with the incidence, hospitalization, and mortality of colon cancer aids in the planning of public policies aimed at effective prevention and treatment.

Palavras Chave

Colon Cancer; Epidemiology; São Paulo