Dados do Resumo

Título

Epidemiological Profile of Pulmonary Lobectomy in Brazil from 2013 to 2023

Introdução

Lung cancer is one of the malignancies with the highest incidence and mortality rates globally. Its development is closely related to smoking, which, despite declining due to public health policies in Brazil, remains a significant health issue in the country. Surgical resections are performed in the early stages of the disease, with pulmonary lobectomy being the most common surgical treatment.

Objetivo

To estimate the variables associated with hospital admissions for pulmonary lobectomy in cancer patients in Brazil over an eleven-year period.

Métodos

This is a quantitative, descriptive, and retrospective epidemiological study on hospitalizations for pulmonary lobectomy in oncology. Data were extracted from the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (SUS) for the period from 2013 to 2023. Variables included Brazilian region, number of admissions, average cost per admission, length of stay, and mortality rate. Data was tabulated, and graphs and tables were created.

Resultados

From 2013 to 2023, there were 5,374 admissions for pulmonary lobectomy due to oncological causes. The Southeast Region had the highest number, accounting for 51% of the total (2,758), followed by the South with 29% (1,579), while the North Region contributed only 5% (296). In terms of total expenditure on procedures, the North Region reported R$1,626,022.50, and, in alignment with the high number of admissions, the Southeast (R$16,389,712.31) and South (R$9,872,679.23) Regions had the highest expenditures. The average cost per admission was highest in the South (R$6,304.39) and Southeast (R$5,970.75), with the North Region having the lowest average cost (R$5,493.32). Regarding length of stay, the Southeast and South Regions had an average of 8.7 days, while the North and Central-West Regions had longer averages, 10 and 10.7 days, respectively. The mortality rates were 4.64% for the Southeast, 3.93% for the South, and 4.05% for the North.

Conclusões

The Southeast and South Regions accounted for over 80% of the pulmonary lobectomy admissions, while the North Region had the lowest prevalence. Despite the expenditure differences, the North Region exhibited lower average costs per admission and a higher average length of stay, which is contradictory. Despite the differences in costs, the mortality rates in the Southeast and North Regions were similar, indicating a deficit in postoperative care for cancer patients in the Southeast.

Palavras Chave

Lung Lobectomy; Surgical Oncology; Epidemiological Profile