Dados do Resumo

Título

ASSOCIATION OF CAR-T CELLS WITH OTHER ONCOLOGICAL THERAPIES

Introdução

Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR-T) cell therapy is an innovative approach that uses genetically modified T cells, and these have shown promising results in several types of leukemia and lymphoma. The combined use of therapies, such as CAR-T, radiotherapy and oncolytic viruses, aims to reprogram the tumor microenvironment and increase the efficacy of therapy, and intend to overcome resistance to some types of cancer.

Objetivo

Evaluate the efficacy of the association of CAR-T cells with other cancer therapies, investigating how this combination affects oncological treatment. The study plans to analyze how these associations influence the immune response, aiming to develop better therapeutic approaches.

Métodos

This study was made through an integrative literature review, selecting articles published between 2011 and 2017, found in the PubMed and Portal Capes databases, as well as relevant academic books. Inclusion criteria for articles were: approaches to CAR T-cell bioengineering, their clinical efficacy, side effects, and comparisons with conventional therapies, such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Studies without clear data or detailed methodologies were excluded. The review involved the recognition of specific keywords, such as "CAR-T cells", "immunotherapy", "chimeric antigen receptor", "acute lymphoblastic leukemia", and "oncology". The analysis was qualitative, focusing on technological advances, therapeutic efficacy, and safety profile of CAR T-cells.

Resultados

One of the therapies developed for the treatment of hematologic cancers is chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T). The most recent technology, approved for patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, involves the genetic modification of autologous T cells (CAR-T) to recognize and destroy cells of leukemic origin. This results in high rates of complete remission with minimal residual disease negativity. This therapy allows the manipulation of the patient's own T lymphocytes to specifically target tumor cells, reducing side effects compared to other therapies. Moreover, the combination of CAR-T cells and oncolytic viruses appears promising, increasing efficacy and overcoming the limitations of each therapy when used alone. However, it is important to note the risk of relapse after CAR-T cell treatment for B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), which is often associated with lymphodepletion and the loss of B-cell aplasia post-infusion.

Conclusões

CAR-T cell therapy represents a breakthrough in oncological treatment, particularly in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. It offers a promising alternative due to its high efficacy and low toxicity. The combination of CAR-T with other therapies shows that it is possible to enhance the immune response and overcome tumor resistance. Despite the adverse effects, it is emphasized the importance of personalizing treatments to overcome challenges such as tumor resistance and relapses.

Palavras Chave

CAR-T cells; oncological therapies; treatment