Dados do Resumo

Título

Diagnosis of gastric neoplasms from the staging and the region diagnosis between 2013 and 2023

Introdução

Stomach cancer, the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths, is frequently diagnosed only in advanced stages due to its nonspecific symptoms, leading to a less favorable prognosis. In Brazil, the lack of standardization in diagnosis, staging, and treatment, compounded by resource and personnel shortages, hinders timely diagnosis and reduces survival rates.

Objetivo

This study aims to carry out an epidemiological study, using the DATASUS system, of the diagnosis of gastric neoplasms from the staging and the region diagnosis between 2013 and 2023.

Métodos

An epidemiological study was carried out using the Outpatient Information System (SIA), the Hospital Information System (SIH), and the Cancer Information System (SISCAN) as data sources, available in DATASUS, accessed on July 31, 2024. Diagnostic data between 2013 and 2023 of cases of stomach neoplasms were included and separated according to the brazilian region in which the diagnosis was established and according to the staging.

Resultados

In total, 131,633 diagnoses were recorded, with 60,325 falling into the staged classification. The Southeast region had the highest number of diagnoses at 49,839, followed by the South with 35,813, the Northeast with 31,618, the Midwest with 8,561, and the North with 5,802 diagnoses. Stage IV diagnoses were predominant in all regions except the Northeast, where stage 3 diagnoses were most common, followed by stage 4. Collectively, stages 3 and 4 accounted for over 50% of all stage diagnoses, with a majority being stage IV, indicating locally advanced tumors or metastasis (n=26,319). Diagnoses in early stages (zero, 1, and 2) accounted for 20% of the staged cases (n=12,157), with the North region at 19.1%, the Northeast and South at 20.5%, the Southeast at 20.8%, and the Midwest at 14.2%.

Conclusões

The early diagnosis of gastric neoplasms remains a significant challenge in Brazil, particularly in the Midwest, leading to reduced patient survival rates. Regrettably, the majority of patients are only diagnosed in stage IV, contributing to the high mortality. Timely diagnoses and interventions could significantly reduce the mortality rate. Currently, only 20% of patients with staged stomach cancer in Brazil can expect a favorable prognosis.

Palavras Chave

Neoplasm Staging; Early Detection of Cancer; Stomach Neoplasms