Dados do Resumo

Título

BIOPRINTING AND THE FUTURE OF ONCOLOGY: RECREATING TUMOR MICROENVIRONMENTS FOR CLINICAL RESEARCH

Introdução

Recent advances in Tissue Bioengineering have enabled the creation of materials that replicate in vivo tumor microenvironments. These laboratory-developed three-dimensional models aim to replace animal testing and provide new tools for cancer research. Bioprinting stands out for its ability to create complex oncological models, allowing the production of hydrogel scaffolds incorporating various cell types to simulate the tumor microenvironment.

Objetivo

This study aimed to conduct a Systematic Review with a descriptive and critical-reflective analysis of the scientific literature on the application of bioprinting in clinical oncology research.

Métodos

A Systematic Review of the literature was performed using the databases PubMed, Scielo, and Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), covering the period from 2019 to 2024. Titles and abstracts of scientific articles were reviewed, and those meeting the inclusion criteria were selected. Inclusion criteria encompassed Cross-Sectional Studies, Case-Control Studies, Cohort Studies, Clinical Trials, and Systematic Reviews on Bioprinting of experimental oncological models. Meta-Analyses, Case Reports, and Book Chapters were excluded. The independent variable analyzed was the type of technology and its implications for oncological research.

Resultados

The use of hydrogels in oncology allows for the precise reproduction of biochemical and biophysical signals of the tumor microenvironment, enhancing the culture of tumor and stromal cells and improving the identification of therapeutic and prognostic targets. Advances in 3D bioprinting have enabled the creation of in vitro tumor models that accurately replicate human tumor tissues and microenvironments for drug screening and clinical research. This technology deposits layers of cells and biomaterials based on computational designs to create 3D tissues. These bioprinted three-dimensional models, by simulating key aspects of tumor biology such as proliferation, cell migration, nutrient and waste dynamics, and angiogenic recruitment, are crucial for research, drug development, and advancements in precision medicine.

Conclusões

Bioprinting allows for the integration of biomaterials and the creation of structures that simulate the tumor microenvironment. These advances facilitate cancer drug screening and the personalization of oncological treatments. Additionally, bioprinting provides an innovative platform for studying cancer biology by reproducing tumor heterogeneity and enabling detailed investigation of treatment responses, contributing to precision medicine.

Palavras Chave

Bioprinting; 3D Printing; Oncology