Dados do Resumo

Título

Epidemiological profile of non-smokers with a diagnosis of lung cancer

Introdução

Lung cancer is the most common and deadly neoplasm globally, with higher incidence rates in men and in countries with a high Human Development Index (HDI). In Brazil, it ranks fourth in incidence and first in mortality. Smoking is the primary risk factor for lung cancer, along with genetic alterations, environmental factors, and occupational exposure.

Objetivo

To analyze the clinical and lifestyle characteristics of lung cancer patients at a Brazilian cancer center between 2019 and 2023.

Métodos

This cross-sectional study utilized data from patients with a diagnosis of primary lung cancer (C34), confirmed by histopathological examination, from 2019 to 2023 at the A.C. Camargo Cancer Center. Clinical and sociodemographic data were extracted from the Cancer Hospital Registry, and data on tobacco use (current smokers, former smokers, and non-smokers) were collected from electronic medical records. Absolute and relative frequencies were calculated for each variable. Analyses were conducted using STATA software. The research project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee, approval number: 6.664.856.

Resultados

A total of 191 cases of lung cancer were analyzed. Of these, the majority were women (n=98, 51%), with an average age of 67 years for both sexes. Among the patients, n=100 (52%) were former smokers, n=59 (31%) had never smoked, and n=32 (17%) were current smokers. Additionally, n=95 (50%) were diagnosed with malignant neoplasm of the upper lobe, bronchus, or lung, n=69 (36%) were at clinical stage I, and n=61 (32%) were at stage IV. In terms of treatment, n=73 (38%) underwent surgery, followed by radiotherapy combined with surgery (n=29, 15%) and chemotherapy (n=27, 14%).

Conclusões

The majority of lung cancer cases occurred in women, with an average age of 67 years for both sexes. Approximately 69% of patients had a history of smoking, either current or prior to diagnosis. Most diagnoses were in the upper lobe, bronchus, or lung, primarily at clinical stages I and IV.

Palavras Chave

Epidemiology; Lung Neoplasms; Tobacco Use Disorder