Dados do Resumo

Título

Epidemiological Profile of Malignant Colon Neoplasms in São Paulo from 2019 to 2023

Introdução

Malignant colon neoplasms affect segments of the large intestine, from the colon to the anus. The occurrence of this pathology is closely linked to nutritional factors. Foods high in fat, excessive consumption of red meat, and alcohol intake are significant risk factors for its development. Common symptoms include changes in bowel habits, occult blood, and altered stool characteristics.

Objetivo

To describe the epidemiological profile of malignant colon neoplasms in the state of São Paulo from 2019 to 2023.

Métodos

This is a quantitative, descriptive, and retrospective epidemiological study focusing on hospitalizations due to malignant colon neoplasms. Data were extracted from the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS) for the period from 2019 to 2023. Variables included mortality, race/color, gender, age group, and hospitalizations. Data were imported from the Hospital Information System into Microsoft Excel, where they were tabulated, and graphs and tables were created for descriptive statistical analysis.

Resultados

DATASUS data on hospitalizations for malignant colon neoplasms in public hospitals in São Paulo state reveal that the epidemiological profile predominantly affects the elderly. Hospitalization numbers show a marked increase when comparing the population aged 40-49 years (6,354) with those aged 59-60 years (20,404). Gender distribution was nearly equal; in 2023, of 14,433 hospitalizations, 7,242 were men and 7,241 were women. Additionally, most patients affected by this pathology were white (10,145), followed by mixed-race (3,354) and black (801) individuals. This racial pattern persisted throughout the study period, with a total of 42,423 white patients hospitalized, compared to a combined total of 14,969 hospitalizations for mixed-race and black individuals.

Conclusões

The majority of hospitalizations occurred among the elderly, consistent with oncological literature. Despite a public and egalitarian healthcare system, most hospitalizations involved white patients, suggesting socioeconomic disparities in hospital access. These findings highlight the urgency of strategies to promote health equity, ensuring early diagnosis and treatment accessibility for the entire population.

Palavras Chave

Colon neoplasm; Colorectal cancer; Oncology