Dados do Resumo

Título

Epidemiological Profile of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma in São Paulo from 2019 to 2023

Introdução

Non-Hodgkin lymphomas are a heterogeneous group of clonal lymphoid malignant tumors that primarily affect B cells and, to a lesser extent, T cells. These tumors may originate in lymph nodes or be extranodal. The etiology of this condition is not clearly defined, though hereditary immunodeficiency is implicated. Clinical manifestations are nonspecific, including lymphadenopathy and systemic symptoms such as fever and wasting syndrome.

Objetivo

To describe the epidemiological profile of hospitalizations and mortality due to Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma in the state of São Paulo from 2019 to 2023.

Métodos

This is a quantitative, descriptive, and retrospective epidemiological study focusing on hospitalizations and mortality due to Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma. Data were extracted from the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS) for the period from 2019 to 2023. Variables included mortality rate, race/color, gender, age group, and hospitalizations. Data were imported from the Hospital Information System into Microsoft Excel, where they were tabulated, and graphs and tables were created for descriptive statistical analysis.

Resultados

From 2019 to 2023, there were 23,138 hospitalizations for Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma in the state of São Paulo. The highest number of hospitalizations occurred in 2023, with 4,813 cases. The majority of cases were among white individuals (15,327), while mixed-race (5,198) and black (1,039) populations showed significantly lower numbers. The mortality rate (7.70 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants) was nearly equal across racial groups, with slightly higher rates among Asians (8.94). Additionally, the mortality rate increased significantly with age; patients aged 50 and above had an average rate of 13.48 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants, compared to 5.51 among those aged 30 to 49.

Conclusões

This study's analysis reveals that the disproportionately high number of hospitalizations among white patients for Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma suggests possible socioeconomic disparities in access to diagnosis and treatment, even within a public and egalitarian healthcare system, indicating it does not guarantee access to the entire population. The increasing mortality rate with age may reflect the greater vulnerability of the elderly to aggressive pathologies due to comorbidities.

Palavras Chave

Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma; Oncology; Epidemiology