Dados do Resumo

Título

Epidemiological profile of patients submitted to mammography in the state of São Paulo, between 2019 and 2023

Introdução

Mammography is essential for detecting breast cancer in its early stages as this pathology is the most prevalent and has the highest mortality rate among malignant neoplasms that affects women worldwide. The access to this exam reflects social and geographic disparities in Brazil.

Objetivo

Analyze the epidemiological profile of patients submitted to mammography in the state of São Paulo between 2019 and 2023, aiming to understand the impact of social and geographical inequalities on access to the exam and its relationship with the early detection of breast cancer.

Métodos

An integrative and detailed review of the DATASUS database was accomplished. The following criteria were included: Mammograms performed between 2019 and 2023 in the state of São Paulo, with female patients of all races, ages, and education levels. The selected data were meticulously extracted from the database ensuring thorough coverage of the São Paulo region without any discrimination. The exclusion method used was the removal of any non-female exams or those conducted outside the state of São Paulo.

Resultados

According to the data obtained from DATASUS, between 2019 and 2023, 2.249.195 mammograms were performed in the state of São Paulo, highlighting the year 2023, which represented 24% of the total exams in the period. The analysis of the data reveals that, in 2020, there was a significant reduction of approximately 37% in the number of mammograms performed in São Paulo compared to 2019. This decline made 2020 the year with the lowest breast cancer screening rate, representing only 13.6% of the total exams performed in the five years evaluated. However, from 2021 onward, a remarkable recovery was observed, with a 36% increase in the number of mammograms compared to the previous year. This growth continued consistently through 2023, demonstrating a resumption and intensification of tracking actions after the initial impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Conclusões

As described, a discrepancy arises between 2019 and 2020, with a sharp reduction. The World Health Organization attributes it to the COVID-19 crisis, which negatively impacted the health system, once restrictions and social isolation made access to healthcare equipment harder. However, there was a considerable increase in the number of mammography performed by women in São Paulo since 2020, reflecting the gradual recovery of health services, awareness campaigns, and changes in patient behavior.

Palavras Chave

Mammography; Epidemiology; Females