Dados do Resumo

Título

The role of nurses in phototherapy treatment for cutaneous lymphomas: an experience report.

Introdução

Cutaneous lymphomas are a group of diseases characterized by the presence of malignant lymphocytes in the skin, often managed with phototherapy, utilizing ultraviolet radiation (UVA or UVB) to control or regress the lesions. UVA penetrates the deep dermis when combined with photosensitizing agents, whereas UVB treats the superficial layers. Although phototherapy may cause side effects, it is generally considered safe, with nurses playing a crucial role in patient preparation, monitoring and education.

Objetivo

To describe the experience of ambulatory care nurses during phototherapy treatment for cutaneous lymphomas.

Métodos

A descriptive study based on experience reports regarding the role of nurses in phototherapy treatment at a Reference Center for Cutaneous Tumors, located in São Paulo, SP. Brazil. The practice experienced by the nurses has been ongoing since October 2021, involving patients with Mycosis Fungoides, Graft-versus-Host Disease (GVHD) and patients experiencing skin-related side effects from antineoplastic treatments, such as pruritus and erythema, in addition to those who have a medical indication for the therapy. As this is an experience report, approval from the Research Ethics Committee (CEP) was not required.

Resultados

Nurses are responsible for warming up the phototherapy machine daily for five minutes before procedures in both UVB and UVA modes. Once the patient is called, the nurse verifies the application of the photosensitizing agent, ensuring it was administered two hours before the UVA treatment. The patient's identification is checked based on the medical record, confirming personal information, protocol, session number, machine time, and power settings. The skin is assessed, and if there are any complaints, the medical team is consulted to adjust the treatment. After the assessment, the patient is instructed to remove their clothing, keeping their undergarment on, and to use appropriate protection, such as foot covers, a cap, UV goggles, and in some cases, micropore tape over the areolar-nipple complex. The nurse then positions the patient in the machine and provides instructions on the procedure, including the duration, power settings, and how to activate the panic button in case of discomfort. After the therapy, the patient can leave on their own but may request assistance if needed. The nurse then documents the procedure in the patient's medical record.

Conclusões

The nurse’s role in phototherapy involves guiding the patient through the treatment and its effects, preparing them for sessions, monitoring during therapy to identify adverse reactions, and providing post-treatment care. Additionally, the nurse is responsible for documenting the entire process and assessing the effectiveness of the treatment, ensuring safe and effective care that will reduce the physical and emotional impacts related to both the disease and the individual.

Palavras Chave

Phototherapy; Nurse's role; PUVA Therapy