Dados do Resumo

Título

Polymorphism ACVR2B and adiponectin and GDF-15 levels as potential biomarkers for cachexia associated with gastrointestinal cancer.

Introdução

The weight loss associated with cancer is common in oncology patients and can lead to the development of cachexia associated with cancer, especially in cases of tumors in the gastrointestinal tract. Cachexia can develop both before diagnosis and after the start of chemotherapy treatment. However, early detection of the disease remains challenge. Within this context, genetic biomarkers have been widely studied for the early identification and implementation of preventive measures.

Objetivo

The aim of this study was to identify genetic polymorphisms and cytokines as biomarkers for cachexia associated with gastrointestinal cancer (GIC).

Métodos

Patients diagnosed with GIC were included, and after starting the first cycle of chemotherapy, were divided into a cachectic and a non-cachectic group according to the diagnostic criteria for cachexia established by Fearon et al. (2011). A control group (without cancer) was also included (CEP-CONEP-5.968.150). After blood collection and DNA extraction using the Illustra Blood Genomic Prep Mini Spin Kit (GE Healthcare, USA), genotyping of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the genes FOXO3 (rs1935949), FOXO3 (rs4946935), ACVR2B (rs2268757), and SELP (rs6136) was performed by real-time PCR using the TaqMan SNP Genotyping Assays (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) on the Mx3300 qPCR system. ELISA kits were used for the measurement of plasma concentrations of adiponectin (Sigma Aldrich, USA) and GDF-15/MIC-1 (#DGD150; Sigma Aldrich, USA).

Resultados

Were selected n=74 patients with GIC, n=49 cachectic and n=25 non-cachectic. The group control included n=51 individuals. The results showed that, among the selected genes, only the SNP rs2268757 in the ACVR2B gene was associated with the weight loss phenotype in cachectic patients with GCI (P=0.004). Plasma adiponectin levels were higher in cachectic patients compared to controls (P=0.01) and non-cachectic patients (P=0.004). GDF-15 was also elevated in cachectic patients compared to controls (P<0.0001) and non-cachectic patients (P=0.001).

Conclusões

These data suggest that SNP rs2268757 in the ACVR2B gene, adiponectin, and GDF-15 are potential biomarkers for gastrointestinal cancer cachexia.

Financiador do resumo

CAPES.

Palavras Chave

Gastrointestinal cancer; cachexia; biomarkers